Breakthroughs
• Discovered new class
of anti-tumor agents (avermectins) belonging to micro-cyclical lactones.
These new agents suppress tumor growth and inhibit development of resistance
to drug treatments. Doctor of Biological Sciences U.N. Korystov
• Discovered that water
soluble non-modified C60 fullerenes can alleviate disruptions in formation
of long term hippocampus-dependant memory, caused by blockade of protein
synthesis and aggregated form of beta-amyloidal peptide (model of sporadic
form of the Alzheimer disease). I.E. Podolsky, PhD.
• Discovered new amyloidogenic muscle-cytosceleton proteins from
the family of tytines. These proteins easily form amyloids that are
similar in their structure to those found in the human brain affected
by Alzheimer and other forms of amyloidosis. The destruction of these
proteins with the use of antibiotics opens new horizons in developing
new approaches to regulating amyloidogenesis in different organs and
tissues. Doctor of Biological Sciences Z.A. Podlubnaya
• Discovered that calcinosis in organ transplants can be reduced
up to 2-4 times by implantation of cells, that are relative to the recipient’s,
into the walls of aorta. By contrast, the implantation of stem cells
that were derived from bone marrow failed to reduce transplant calcinosis.
Based on this discovery, a new technology is currently being developed
that will increase bio-compatibility of heart valves and veins transplants.
Doctor of physics and medical sciences V.S. Akatov
• During radio-chemotherapy treatment of breast cancer patients,
sharp individual differences were identified in the amount of mtDNA
in peripheral blood cells. Deletion and pinpoint mutation processes
were observed. It was shown that in blood cells of patients who underwent
radio-chemotherapy treatment, newly synthesized molecules of mtDNA contain
a larger number of mutated copies. Doctor of Biological Sciences, A.
E. Gaziev
• Discovered a new class of waves in cross-diffusional systems
with properties different from those of classic auto waves. Based on
this newly developed theoretical and experimental body of evidence,
waves in cross-diffusional systems were separated into a new class of
non-linear waves. M. A. Tsyganov, Ph. D.
• In experiments on
rats and mice red-orange light exhibits protective effects against roentgen
radiation. It also has a stimulating effect on the levels of endurance.
It was shown that red-orange light-based photon therapy stimulates development
of adaptation-compensational changes in myocardium of rats and mice,
which contributes to restoration of contract ional functions of heart
muscle R. N. Khramov, Ph.D.
• Created a small-angled difractometry station with high temporary
resolution (up to 1msec) for studying the dynamics of structural changes
in a wide range of substances and materials. The station is presently
utilized at the Kurchatov Synchrotron Center for conducting complex
structural studies by researchers specializing in different fields of
science and technology, including biology. A. M. Matyushin , PhD
• Developed new method of express-control of water pollution through
visualization of water agility with matrix infra-red cameras (sensitivity
up to 0,01-0,02 Celsius). In the process of development of this method,
previously unknown Rayleigh-Benard-Marangoni dynamic convective structures
were discovered in cooling water (diapasons from 40-70 degrees Celsius)
G.R. Ivanitski, Corresponding Member of RAS, Doctor of Physic-Mathematical
Sciences
• Six ITEB researchers
were inducted into the Encyclopedia “Best People of Russia”
Part 2, Chapter IX. 2005.
RECENTLY
DEVELOPED TREATMENTS, TECHNOLOGIES AND TEST METHODS
The
system "artificial liver" - for treatment of acute liver damage
or poisoning.
Methods
of biotechnological modification of cardiac valve allografts for their
better acceptability.
Sets
of software "Electrocardiologist consultant", "Cardioscreen"
and "Monitoring of an open heart"
Theoretical
basis and experimental approaches for conservation of genetic information
of indangered species and economically important animals.
Methods
of non-surgical extraction and transplantation of embryos.
New
methods of breeding of mice interstrain chimeras.
Methods
of compensation of diabetis and immunodeficit states by means of tissue
transplantation into the immunoprivileged sections of organism.
Screening
of new antitumor preparations based on the cultivated human and animal
cells.
Tests
for determining genetic instability in generations of daughters cells
after the effects of gamma-radiation.
It is
shown that increase of radioresistance in animals exposed to low doses
gamma-radiation is associated with activation of DNA - repair and higher
expression of protective genes.
Recipes
of natural compounds with antimutagenic anticarginogenic and hepatitis-protective
effects for human organisms have been developed.
A possibility
has been shown to use light myosin chains as a marker of different adaptive
and pathological processes developing in muscles.
Effects
of peptides extracted from the brain of hibernating animals on heart and
activity of CNS neurons have been studied.
A possibility
has been shown to activate and to inhibit generation of oxygen by neutrophils
in vitro under effects of weak combined magnetic fields.
It has
been discovered that ascorbic acid highly increases antitumor activity
of teraphtal.
Method
of thymus transplatation into the privileged sector of organism has been
developed. It allows the transplantat to function long without immunodepressants
to compensate thymus aged atrophy and activate marrow metabolism.
Based
on the chemiluminescent immunoenzyme analysis a test-system has been developed
to determine 8-oxoguanyn - the most important biomarker of DNA-base damage
by reactive oxygen.
Action
mechanism of antitumor cobaltoorganic compounds has been studied.
New
diagnostic criteria have been developed to determine the type of adaptive
or pathological changes in human carbohydrate metabolism based on kinetics
of stable carbon isotopes removal from the expirated carbon dioxide after
microdoses of 13C- isotope enriched glucose (together with IBPhM RAS)
.
SELECT
RESEARCH ACHIEVEMENTS
• Discovered and studied new auto-oscillation and auto-wave processes
in heart and brain function, on populations of microorganisms and in suspensions
of intracellular organelles.
• Conducted experimental studies of the mechanism of heart polymorphic
rhythm disorder, and demonstrated the role of reverberators and their
drifting in tachycardia, fibrillation and sudden heart death.
• Using model systems it was shown, that under-threshold waves of
post-depolarization in the excited tissue with low electro-conductivity
may serve as natural sources of echo-impulses, which, in turn, may cause
an arrhythmia.
• New concept was developed in regards to the role of auto-oscillation
processes in energy supply systems of cells, which also play the role
of “the biological clock” generator in cellular cycle.
• New, effective methods were developed for conducting theoretical
studies of macromolecules in various solutions. These methods are based
on fundamental equations of statistical physics.
• A new structural model of myosin-containing filaments in cross-striped
muscles has been developed. Occurrences of significant structural changes
in muscle protein were discovered during an elementary contraction act
in the course of synchrotron radiation.
• New concept was proposed in regards to adaptation of molecular
mechanisms of the contractile system in cardiac and skeletal muscles under
hypobiosis. A number of endogenic peptide - regulators from brain fractions
of the hibernation animals has been identified.
• Some trigger mechanisms of programmed cells death under influence
of chemical and physical factors have been identified. Methods of genetic
engineering for analysis of apoptosis-specific genes in normal and tumor
cells have been developed.
• Subunitary organization and receptor - type regulation of mitochondrial
ATP in a sensitive K-channel have been clarified. The channel forming
protein was isolated.
• Ca2+ - selective mechanism of breathing inhibition induced by
glucose as well as the mechanism of oxidative phosphorylation in tumor
cells was discovered.
• Experimentally proved the increase of genetic variability in mice-progeny
of the male mice parents exposed to chronic low-dose gamma-irradiation.
• Long-lasting cytogenetic damage in the marrow of mice after effects
of various types of low-dose radiation was discovered.
• Based on the pQE - express system recombinant fragments of proteins
BcL-2, BcL-X, BaK – prooncogenes and their inhibitors were synthesized
and purified.
• Comparative research of structural organization of DNA - complexes
with various lipids used in gene therapy for transfection of animal and
human cells has been carried out.
• It was shown, that low concentrations of pro-oxidants and inhibitors
of energy supply systems in cells induce the opening of cyclosporine A-sensitive
non-selective pores in the inner membrane of mitochondria tumor, causing
the death of tumor cells in a manner that is different from natural necrosis
and apoptosis.
• The Theory of magnetic parametric resonance effects on bioobjects
has been developed and its main hypothesis has been experimentally confirmed.
• Formation of reactive oxygen in water solutions under effects
of mm-wave radiation has been discovered. A hypothesis is suggested concerning
the mechanism of effects of electromagnetic field on the water phase and
the bio-system.
• It was shown that highly permeable intercellular contacts determine
energy cooperation between the cells, based on electrical and ion interactions.
New hypothesis has been developed about the mechanism of selective attention
as the basis of memory.
• A new concept has been developed concerning the origin of consciousness,
indicating the decisive role of self-organization of living systems in
the process of natural evolution.
• A unique data - bank has been created on enzymes and metabolic
pathways which includes more that 17000 entries. This information is used
for reduction of intracellular metabolism based on the deciphering of
cell genomes.
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